Sociologus: Sociologus, N.F. 38/41.1988/91

Sociologus, N.F. 38/41.1988/91

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Strukturtyp:: Zeitschrift

Werks-URN (URL):: https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:11-714810

URN:: urn:nbn:de:kobv:11-714810

Persistenter Identifier:: BV043551281

Titel:: Sociologus

Untertitel:: journal for social anthropology

ISSN:: 0038-0377

Erscheinungsort:: Berlin

Verlag:: Duncker & Humblot

Erscheinungsjahr:: 1932

Sammlung:: Zeitschriften und Zeitungen > Zeitschriften zur Ethnologie

Wissensgebiet:: Sozial- und Kulturanthropologie > Allgemeines

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Strukturtyp:: Zeitschriftenband

Werks-URN (URL):: https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:11-711990

URN:: urn:nbn:de:kobv:11-711990

Persistenter Identifier:: 1518164887737

Titel:: Sociologus, N.F. 38/41.1988/91

Erscheinungsjahr:: 1991

Signatur:: LA 6467

Sammlung:: Zeitschriften und Zeitungen > Zeitschriften zur Ethnologie

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Strukturtyp:: Zeitschriftenheft

Titel:: 41. Jahrgang, 1991, Heft 2

Sammlung:: Zeitschriften und Zeitungen > Zeitschriften zur Ethnologie

Zeitschriftenartikel

Strukturtyp:: Zeitschriftenartikel

Titel:: Refugee Aid, Moral Communities and Resource Sharing A Prelude to Civil War in Somalia

Sonstige Person:: Zitelmann, Thomas

Sammlung:: Zeitschriften und Zeitungen > Zeitschriften zur Ethnologie

120 Thomas Zitelmann sharing internal and external resources, which linked refugees and locals in the two southern river valleys (Juba, Shabelle), broke down. Somali in the South redefined themselves now into armed political movements. The first victims were the refugees, who either left for Ethiopia, crowded into Mogadishu or into the agricultural areas of the coastal plain. Social scientists today sometimes operate with the idea of "self-regulating groups" and "auto-poietic systems", when they attempt to explain the social reproduction of groups in a state of self-reference towards and exchange with their natural and social environment (Elwert/Bierschenk 1991). For the same facts old-fashioned anthropologists can argue in the Somali case that "clan and lineage ties are definitely born-again" (I.M. Lewis 1989:578). What it basically means is that people develop modes of social control according to their own rules. They use their creative capacities to re-model social situations, and to establish patterns of self-organization which appear to reproduce "tradition", while people cope with a tremendous social change. The reproduction of the pattern of social control is an everyday activity, in which the researcher can be easily drawn in, as the example will show. Indeed, the orthodox demand that the fieldworker should become physical ly and morally part of the community observed (Evans-Pritchard 1951: 78) can take very odd forms. In the Somali case, the mythological historicism which explains conflict and peace between the three major clan-clusters Dir, Darood, and Hawiya in terms of dependencies between a stranger (Darood) and locals (Dir, Hawiya) who became in-laws (Burton 1894/1987, Vol. I.: 74; I.M. Lewis 1969:18 f.), was still present among Ogaden refugees to interpret the deeper causes behind the conflicts about food distribution and camp administration. While from an anthropological point of view one may tend to see in the use of mythological historicism either an expression of "collective memory" or a "re-invented tradition", the same process can also be linked to the mechan ics of social engineering by the political dominant circles. Siad Barre's strenght had for a long time been his knowledge about clan affairs and genealogies, the oral histories of conflicts and alliances. While he outwardly forwarded national unity, he used his knowledge to divide opponents and to shape new alliances. The selective social distribution of this kind of knowledge was part of the daily task done by paid informants and the security. The shift from the Somali "clan" into an armed political movement, hidden behind the mask of the incomprehensible acronym of international political slang, is an ambiguous process. It links collective local interests with the individual interests among educated elites and their struggles for power, wealth and prestige in the political centre.

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