Anthropos: Anthropos, 26.1931

Anthropos, 26.1931

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Zeitschrift

Strukturtyp:: Zeitschrift

Werks-URN (URL):: https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:11-714788

URN:: urn:nbn:de:kobv:11-714788

Persistenter Identifier:: BV035173706

Titel:: Zeitschrift für Ethnologie

Untertitel:: ZfE

ISSN:: 0044-2666

Erscheinungsort:: Berlin

Verlag:: Reimer

Erscheinungsjahr:: 1869

Lizenz:: Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0)

Sammlung:: Zeitschriften und Zeitungen > Zeitschriften zur Ethnologie

Wissensgebiet:: Sozial- und Kulturanthropologie > Allgemeines

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Strukturtyp:: Zeitschriftenband

Werks-URN (URL):: https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:11-712622

URN:: urn:nbn:de:kobv:11-712622

Persistenter Identifier:: 1572955174592

Titel:: Zeitschrift für Ethnologie, 44.1912

Erscheinungsjahr:: 1912

Signatur:: LA 7600

Sammlung:: Zeitschriften und Zeitungen > Zeitschriften zur Ethnologie

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Strukturtyp:: Vorderer Einband

Sammlung:: Zeitschriften und Zeitungen > Zeitschriften zur Ethnologie

Hook-swinging in the Old World and in America, &c. 555 Salish neighbors of the Nootka. Grant, about the same time that Medicus was among the Nootka, noted such sacrifice among the Tsclallum Salish of the Puget Sound area. A son of the chief of the neighboring Soke tribe had slain a relative of the chief of the Tsclallums. The family of the murderer, as com pensation and other satisfaction, had to pay over some property and to kill a slave. The slave appears to have been a captive taken from the Ukletah Kwa- kiutl by the Soke, and this captive was “accepted as the propitiator victim” by the Tsclallums. The Tsclallums carried the slave captive to their village, Chuchwaetsin. Among shouts and yells and the firing of guns and pistols. Arrived at their village they carried him from the canoe into their palisaded enclosure and there kept him for two days bound on the ground, cramming down his throat just sufficient food to keep him alive. Having sufficiently enjoyed the poor creature’s mental torture, — for he knew he was .to die and the suspense must have been terrible, — they proceeded to the last act. Two men held him, while a third cut his throat over a pail or tub in which they caught and preserved the blood. The head was then severed from the body and placed on a pole as an ornament in front of the village. The tragedy thus over, the savage brutes besmeared themselves with the blood of their victim, and conceived that they had done a great action. For some weeks afterward they were in a great state of excitement, and daily painted themselves with the blood as long as it lasted 0 . My other notes on Nootkan and other coastal sacrifices do not enable me to interpret these remarkable facts on human sacrifice. But I think it is plain that further research will disclose as yet unsuspected linkages of ritual canni balism, blood sacrifice, human sacrifice, and “headhunting” among the Nootka and their neighbors, all linked in some way with the peculiar variety of hook swinging of the Northwest Coast. Hooking without swinging is noted in the secret society ceremonials as far south as the Quinault on the coast just below Puget Sound 6 7 . To the northward elements of the hook-swinging complex, if not the whole rite, pro bably diffused with the diffusion, even to the Tlingit, of secret society cere monials developed by the Kwakiutl. On the basis chiefly of my study of the Central American Origins of Northwest Coast Culture published recently in “Anthropos”, the conclusions of which are amply further supported by much data which has since come to hand, I am quite certain that, despite the difference of content of the hook swinging rite of the Plains and of the Northwest Coast, that the rite in both areas is part of a single cultural spread, that is the rite in both areas is of a common origin as a complete hook-swinging rite. At present the evidence would seem to indicate that the rite was carried into the coast by the Nootka-Kwakiutl group which spread to the coast from the plateau probably about 1000 A. D. carrying with them many elements of more southerly culture such as certain textile traits, head flattening, and such. Bu at present, in the case of hook swinging, doubt had better remain as to the direction of the spread. 6 Grant, p. 305. 7 Olsen (Ms.) cited in Loeb, “Secret Societies”, p. 274.

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