Anthropos: Anthropos, 26.1931

Anthropos, 94.1999

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Zeitschrift

Strukturtyp:: Zeitschrift

Werks-URN (URL):: https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:11-714789

URN:: urn:nbn:de:kobv:11-714789

Persistenter Identifier:: BV041701500

Titel:: Anthropos

Untertitel:: internationale Zeitschrift für Völker- u. Sprachenkunde

Weitere Titel:: Anthropos

Erscheinungsort:: Fribourg

Verlag:: Ed. St. Paul, Anthropos-Institut

Erscheinungsjahr:: 1906

Sammlung:: Zeitschriften und Zeitungen > Zeitschriften zur Ethnologie

Wissensgebiet:: Sozial- und Kulturanthropologie > Allgemeines

Zeitschriftenband

Strukturtyp:: Zeitschriftenband

Werks-URN (URL):: https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:11-709519

URN:: urn:nbn:de:kobv:11-709519

Persistenter Identifier:: DE-11-001853217

Titel:: Anthropos, 26.1931

Erscheinungsjahr:: 1931

Signatur:: LA 1118-26

Sammlung:: Zeitschriften und Zeitungen > Zeitschriften zur Ethnologie

Zeitschriftenheft

Strukturtyp:: Zeitschriftenheft

Titel:: Bd. 26, 1931, Heft 1, 2

Sammlung:: Zeitschriften und Zeitungen > Zeitschriften zur Ethnologie

Zeitschriftenartikel

Strukturtyp:: Zeitschriftenartikel

Titel:: Einige Probleme der vergleichenden Erforschung der Südsee-Sprachen

Sonstige Person:: Dempwolff, Otto

Sammlung:: Zeitschriften und Zeitungen > Zeitschriften zur Ethnologie

94 Sulayman Khalaf Anthropos 94.1999 and they are paraded in front of the stadium for a few minutes, so that VIPs and others have a full view of their stature against the background of manicured lush green lawns. There is also a medical committee, consisting of paramedics who accompany the racing camels in their ambulance. If any rakbi looks sick, as sometimes the boys suffer from race nausea, then the ambulance staff will stop him and relieve him and the camel from the exhaustion of the long race. The ruling shaikh’s gesture of hospitality to all those participating in the races expresses itself through the work of the lijnat al-dheyafa, the hospitality committee. The staff are involved in distributing foodstuffs, as gifts from the shaikh, to all the breeders, trainers, and caretakers of racing camels, who usually camp with the camels in special designated areas near the racetracks, or al-race, as it has been arabized and frequently referred to by the Bedu. These food gifts include lambs, sacks of rice, tea, sugar, coffee, cardamom, cheese, condensed milk, etc. Participants coming from outside the emirates are welcomed with added attention and generosity. The Training of Racing Camels Racing camel trainers occupy an important posi tion in the management structure of camel racing outside the activities supervised and/or performed by committees of the Camel Racing Association. As with breeding, training is still the domain of the Bedu. The trainers are known locally as al-mud- hamer (literally the person who makes the camel lean and fit), and come from desert camel-based families where traditional knowledge and love for racing camels is in the air around them. The mudhamer’ s personal success in training winning camels is usually the road to his fame, as he then becomes well-known and may be approached by the shaikhs to train their camels. Since training plays an important role in giving the camel great er opportunities for winning, good trainers can achieve both fame and fortune in the racing camel world of oil rich Arabia. Top trainers are a scarce commodity and can actually fetch high prices for their expertise and skills. There are two types of camel training. The first type is referred to locally as al-adab, which means proper behavior, or al-ta ’ah (obedience) as the Sudanese trainers call it. This involves break ing in the young camel when it is about 13-14 months old; the process takes about 1 to 3 months. It involves attaching the young camel by rope to an old quiet well-seasoned camel known as al-qeliesa, to act as a guide and companion in the training process. The young camel is trained to wear the al-khidham, the rope fixed around the head to control the camel’s movements, and the al-shidad, the soft blanket saddle. It becomes ac customed to being mounted by a young rider, and most importantly, it gets trained to run on the track. One of the common sights on al-mirkadh (the racing track) at non-racing times are young, of ten teenage, Balochi, Sudanese, and Somali train ers riding their qeliesa camels with their sticks in hand, each leading two to four young camels that in turn have small rakbiya (plural of rakbi) perched on their backs. This training is done frequently until the camel acquires the running aptitude so that she can negotiate the al-mirkadh with ease and confidence. When the camel is three years old, she graduates to enter the al-mirkadh as a member of al-liqaya (the three year old crop of racing camels). It should be noted here that the qeliesa riders- cum-trainers were often a few years back small rakbiya riding in the heat of serious races. How ever, their fast body growth and increased weight have forced them to graduate from the backs of the lean athletic camels to the relatively heavy and quiet qeliesa, which themselves have been forced to retire from the track-and-field athletic business. While sitting in Nad al-Shiba camel stadium in Dubai I turned to Sudanese boy who sat next to me. Guessing that he is involved in the camel business, I asked him, “What do you do?” “I am a trainer,” he answered half shyly. Then he explained that only three years ago he was a rakbi, but now he breaks in camels and helps in training them on al-mirkadh. His father and two uncles also work in the camel business. Apparently over the last fifteen years the northern central region of Sudan (Um Delaiq) has been exporting many camel experts, mostly from the camel tribes of al-Badaheen, al-Kowahla, and al-Hawara. Simi larly the Rashayda tribe in the Kasala region of Sudan has been sending camel boys of all ages to the UAE as well as other oil rich Gulf states, particularly Saudi Arabia. The second and more important type of training is called al-tadhmeer, which is aimed at achieving high athletic fitness for racing camels. The term al-tadhmeer literally means “making the camels slender and fit.” The trainers in charge of the process are locally known as al-mudhamer, and are mostly Bedu. There are those who got into the profession in a de facto manner as they began

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